Cooking times chart for every vegetable, meat and fish

How long to cook 110 everyday foods, every way: oven, air fryer, boiling, steaming, microwave, pan, deep fryer, grill, barbecue, slow cooker and pressure cooker. Oven times show the conventional and fan temperature.

Jump to: vegetables · potatoes · chicken, turkey and duck · beef · pork, bacon and sausages · lamb and game · fish and seafood · eggs, cheese and tofu · rice, pasta and grains · frozen food.

Each cell is the usual cut or portion. Open a food for every cut, the full temperatures with °F and gas mark, how to prepare it and how to tell it’s done. Or see one method across every food: oven, air fryer, boil, steam, microwave, pan-fry, deep-fry, grill, barbecue, slow cooker, pressure cooker.

Vegetables

Vegetable cooking times, by method. Tap a food for every cut and method, the full temperature and how to do it
Food	Oven	Air fryer	Boil	Steam	Microwave	Pan-fry	Grill	Barbecue	Deep-fry	Slow cooker	Pressure cooker
Asparagus	10–15 min 200°C, 180 fan	6–8 min 200°C	3–5 min	4–6 min	2–4 min	4–6 min	5–7 min	4–6 min	–	–	–
Aubergine (eggplant)	25–30 min 200°C, 180 fan	12–15 min 200°C	–	–	5–8 min	10–15 min	4–5 min per side	3–4 min per side	2–3 min 180°C	–	–
Beetroot (beets)	45 min to 1 h 200°C, 180 fan	20–25 min 190°C	30–45 min	30–40 min	10–12 min	–	–	–	–	–	15–20 min
Broad beans (fava beans)	–	–	3–5 min	4–6 min	3–4 min	–	–	–	–	–	–
Broccoli	15–20 min 220°C, 200 fan	6–9 min 200°C	3–4 min	4–6 min	3–4 min	4–5 min	–	–	–	–	–
Tenderstem broccoli (broccolini)	10–12 min 200°C, 180 fan	6–8 min 200°C	2–3 min	3–5 min	2–3 min	4–5 min	–	–	–	–	–
Brussels sprouts	25–30 min 200°C, 180 fan	12–15 min 190°C	6–8 min	7–9 min	4–6 min	8–10 min	–	–	–	–	–
Butternut squash	30–40 min 200°C, 180 fan	15–20 min 200°C	12–15 min	12–15 min	8–10 min	–	–	–	–	4–6 hours	–
Pumpkin	30–40 min 200°C, 180 fan	15–20 min 200°C	10–15 min	12–15 min	8–10 min	–	–	–	–	–	–
Cabbage (green and savoy)	25–30 min 200°C, 180 fan	12–15 min 190°C	4–6 min	5–7 min	4–5 min	5–7 min	–	10–15 min	–	–	–
Red cabbage	1½–2 hours 160°C, 140 fan	–	–	–	10–12 min	8–10 min	–	–	–	6–8 hours	–
Carrots	30–40 min 200°C, 180 fan	12–16 min 200°C	5–8 min	6–10 min	4–6 min	10–12 min	–	–	–	–	2–3 min
Cauliflower	20–30 min 220°C, 200 fan	10–14 min 200°C	5–7 min	6–8 min	4–6 min	–	–	–	3–4 min 180°C	–	–
Celeriac	35–45 min 200°C, 180 fan	15–20 min 200°C	12–15 min	15–20 min	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Corn on the cob	25–30 min 200°C, 180 fan	10–12 min 200°C	4–6 min	6–8 min	3–4 min	–	10–12 min	10–15 min	–	–	–
Courgettes (zucchini)	20–25 min 200°C, 180 fan	8–12 min 200°C	–	4–5 min	3–4 min	4–6 min	3–4 min per side	3–4 min per side	2–3 min 180°C	–	–
Green beans	12–15 min 220°C, 200 fan	8–10 min 200°C	4–6 min	5–7 min	3–5 min	5–7 min	–	–	–	–	–
Runner beans	–	–	4–6 min	5–7 min	4–5 min	–	–	–	–	–	–
Kale and cavolo nero	15–20 min 150°C, 130 fan	4–6 min 160°C	3–5 min	4–6 min	2–3 min	4–6 min	–	–	–	–	–
Leeks	25–30 min 200°C, 180 fan	–	5–7 min	5–7 min	4–5 min	8–10 min	–	–	–	–	–
Mangetout and sugar snap peas	–	–	2–3 min	2–4 min	2–3 min	2–3 min	–	–	–	–	–
Mushrooms	15–20 min 200°C, 180 fan	7–10 min 200°C	–	–	–	5–7 min	6–8 min	6–8 min	2–3 min 180°C	–	–
Onions	30–40 min 200°C, 180 fan	10–12 min 190°C	–	–	4–5 min	8–10 min	–	8–10 min	2–3 min 180°C	–	–
Parsnips	35–45 min 200°C, 180 fan	15–20 min 200°C	8–10 min	10–12 min	6–8 min	–	–	–	–	–	–
Peas	–	–	2–3 min	3–4 min	3–4 min	3–4 min	–	–	–	–	–
Peppers (bell peppers)	20–30 min 200°C, 180 fan	8–10 min 200°C	–	–	3–4 min	5–7 min	10–15 min	8–12 min	–	–	–
Sweet potatoes	45 min to 1 h 200°C, 180 fan	35–45 min 200°C	10–12 min	12–15 min	6–8 min	–	–	–	–	5–7 hours	–
Spinach	–	–	1–2 min	2–3 min	1–2 min	2–3 min	–	–	–	–	–
Swede (rutabaga)	40–50 min 200°C, 180 fan	18–22 min 200°C	15–20 min	20–25 min	10–12 min	–	–	–	–	–	–
Turnips	30–40 min 200°C, 180 fan	15–18 min 200°C	10–15 min	12–15 min	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Tomatoes	15–20 min 200°C, 180 fan	6–8 min 200°C	–	–	–	3–5 min	5–8 min	5–6 min	–	–	–
Pak choi (bok choy)	–	–	2–3 min	3–5 min	2–3 min	2–4 min	–	–	–	–	–
Fennel	30–40 min 200°C, 180 fan	12–15 min 190°C	–	10–12 min	–	3–4 min per side	–	–	–	–	–
Globe artichokes	–	–	25–40 min	30–45 min	8–10 min	–	–	–	–	–	10–15 min
Jerusalem artichokes	35–45 min 200°C, 180 fan	15–20 min 200°C	10–15 min	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Okra	15–20 min 220°C, 200 fan	10–12 min 200°C	–	–	–	6–8 min	–	–	3–4 min 180°C	–	–
Edamame beans	–	–	4–5 min	5–6 min	3–4 min	–	–	–	–	–	–
Frozen mixed vegetables and sweetcorn	20–25 min 220°C, 200 fan	10–12 min 200°C	3–5 min	5–6 min	4–5 min	–	–	–	–	–	–
Garlic	40–50 min 200°C, 180 fan	20–25 min 190°C	–	–	–	1–2 min	–	–	–	–	–
Plantain	15–20 min 200°C, 180 fan	8–10 min 200°C	–	–	–	3–4 min per side	–	–	3–4 min 180°C	–	–

Potatoes

Potato cooking times, by method. Tap a food for every cut and method, the full temperature and how to do it
Food	Oven	Air fryer	Boil	Steam	Microwave	Deep-fry	Slow cooker	Pressure cooker
Roast potatoes	50 min to 1 h 220°C, 200 fan	20–25 min 200°C	8–10 min	–	–	–	–	–
Jacket potatoes (baked potatoes)	1 h to 1 h 15 min 200°C, 180 fan	40–45 min 200°C	–	–	8–10 min	–	6–8 hours	15–20 min
Boiled and mashed potatoes	–	–	15–20 min	20–25 min	8–10 min	–	–	8–10 min
New potatoes	30–40 min 200°C, 180 fan	18–22 min 200°C	15–20 min	18–22 min	6–8 min	–	–	–
Chips and potato wedges (homemade)	30–40 min 220°C, 200 fan	18–22 min 200°C	–	–	–	6–8 min 140°C	–	–

Chicken, turkey and duck

Chicken, turkey and duck cooking times, by method. Tap a food for every cut and method, the full temperature and how to do it
Food	Oven	Air fryer	Pan-fry	Grill	Barbecue	Deep-fry	Slow cooker	Pressure cooker
Chicken breast	20–25 min 200°C, 180 fan	16–20 min 180°C	6–7 min per side	8–10 min per side	6–8 min per side	–	3–4 hours	8–10 min
Chicken thighs	35–45 min 200°C, 180 fan	22–25 min 190°C	5–6 min per side	6–8 min per side	30–40 min	–	4–6 hours	10–12 min
Chicken drumsticks and legs	35–45 min 200°C, 180 fan	20–25 min 200°C	–	20–25 min	30–40 min	12–15 min 160°C	4–6 hours	12–15 min
Chicken wings	40–45 min 220°C, 200 fan	20–25 min 200°C	–	20–25 min	20–25 min	10–12 min 180°C	–	–
Chicken mini fillets and goujons	12–15 min 200°C, 180 fan	8–10 min 180°C	3–4 min per side	–	–	4–5 min 175°C	–	–
Whole chicken	1 h 30 min to 1 h 35 min 190°C, 170 fan	50 min to 1 h 180°C	–	–	–	–	6–7 hours	25–30 min
Whole turkey	3 h 10 min 190°C, 170 fan	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Turkey crown	2 h to 2 h 10 min 190°C, 170 fan	1 h 10 min to 1 h 20 min 180°C	–	–	–	–	–	–
Turkey breast steaks and mince	15–20 min 200°C, 180 fan	10–12 min 180°C	3–4 min per side	4–5 min per side	–	–	–	–
Duck breast	8–10 min 200°C, 180 fan	12–15 min 180°C	12–15 min	–	–	–	–	–
Whole roast duck	2–2½ hours 180°C, 160 fan	–	–	–	–	–	5–6 hours	–

Beef

Beef cooking times, by method. Tap a food for every cut and method, the full temperature and how to do it
Food	Oven	Air fryer	Boil	Pan-fry	Grill	Barbecue	Slow cooker	Pressure cooker
Steak	6–8 min 220°C, 200 fan	8–12 min 200°C	–	2–3 min per side	3–5 min per side	3–5 min per side	–	–
Beef mince (ground beef)	–	–	30 min to 1 h	8–10 min	–	–	6–8 hours	15–20 min
Burgers	15–20 min 200°C, 180 fan	10–12 min 180°C	–	4–5 min per side	5–6 min per side	4–5 min per side	–	–
Meatballs	18–22 min 200°C, 180 fan	10–12 min 190°C	20–25 min	10–12 min	–	–	4–6 hours	–
Stewing beef and beef stew	2½–3 hours 160°C, 140 fan	–	–	–	–	–	7–8 hours	35–40 min
Beef brisket	4–5 hours 150°C, 130 fan	–	–	–	–	8–10 hours	8–10 hours	1 h 10 min to 1 h 20 min
Roast beef joint	1 h 50 min 180°C, 160 fan	45–55 min 180°C	–	–	–	–	6–8 hours	–

Pork, bacon and sausages

Pork cooking times, by method. Tap a food for every cut and method, the full temperature and how to do it
Food	Oven	Air fryer	Boil	Microwave	Pan-fry	Grill	Barbecue	Slow cooker	Pressure cooker
Pork chops	15–20 min 200°C, 180 fan	10–14 min 200°C	–	–	4–5 min per side	5–7 min per side	4–6 min per side	–	–
Pork tenderloin (fillet)	20–25 min 200°C, 180 fan	18–22 min 180°C	–	–	2–3 min per side	15–20 min	15–20 min	–	–
Pork belly slices	40–50 min 200°C, 180 fan	20–25 min 200°C	–	–	–	15–20 min	15–20 min	–	–
Pulled pork (pork shoulder)	5–6 hours 150°C, 130 fan	–	–	–	–	–	8–10 hours	8–10 hours	1 h 15 min to 1 h 30 min
Roast pork joint	1 h 45 min 180°C, 160 fan	50 min to 1 h 180°C	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Pork ribs	2½–3 hours 150°C, 130 fan	25–30 min 190°C	–	–	–	–	4–5 hours	6–8 hours	25–30 min
Sausages	20–25 min 200°C, 180 fan	10–12 min 180°C	–	–	12–15 min	12–15 min	12–15 min	–	–
Pigs in blankets	25–30 min 200°C, 180 fan	12–15 min 180°C	–	–	–	15–20 min	–	–	–
Bacon	12–15 min 200°C, 180 fan	8–10 min 180°C	–	3–4 min	2–3 min per side	3–4 min per side	–	–	–
Gammon and ham steaks	15–20 min 200°C, 180 fan	8–10 min 180°C	–	–	4–5 min per side	4–5 min per side	3–4 min per side	–	–
Gammon joint	1 h 25 min 180°C, 160 fan	50 min to 1 h 180°C	1 h 25 min	–	–	–	–	5–7 hours	25–30 min

Lamb and game

Lamb cooking times, by method. Tap a food for every cut and method, the full temperature and how to do it
Food	Oven	Air fryer	Pan-fry	Grill	Barbecue	Slow cooker	Pressure cooker
Lamb chops and cutlets	12–15 min 200°C, 180 fan	8–10 min 200°C	3–4 min per side	3–4 min per side	3–4 min per side	–	–
Lamb steaks	–	10–12 min 200°C	4–5 min per side	5–6 min per side	4–5 min per side	–	–
Rack of lamb	20–25 min 200°C, 180 fan	15–18 min 200°C	–	–	–	–	–
Lamb shanks	2½–3 hours 160°C, 140 fan	–	–	–	–	7–8 hours	40–45 min
Leg and shoulder of lamb	2 h 15 min 180°C, 160 fan	–	–	–	–	7–8 hours	1 h to 1 h 10 min
Lamb koftas	15–18 min 200°C, 180 fan	10–12 min 190°C	8–10 min	8–10 min	8–10 min	–	–
Venison steaks	–	–	2–3 min per side	3–4 min per side	3–4 min per side	–	–

Fish and seafood

Fish and seafood cooking times, by method. Tap a food for every cut and method, the full temperature and how to do it
Food	Oven	Air fryer	Boil	Steam	Microwave	Pan-fry	Grill	Barbecue	Deep-fry
Salmon fillets	12–15 min 200°C, 180 fan	8–10 min 200°C	–	8–10 min	3–4 min	6–8 min	8–10 min	8–10 min	–
Cod and white fish fillets	12–15 min 200°C, 180 fan	8–10 min 200°C	–	8–10 min	3–4 min	3–4 min per side	8–10 min	–	5–7 min 180°C
Smoked haddock	12–15 min 200°C, 180 fan	–	–	–	3–4 min	–	6–8 min	–	–
Sea bass	8–10 min 200°C, 180 fan	7–8 min 200°C	–	–	–	4–5 min	4–5 min	6–8 min per side	–
Tuna steaks	–	5–7 min 200°C	–	–	–	1–2 min per side	2–3 min per side	2–3 min per side	–
Mackerel	15–20 min 200°C, 180 fan	7–9 min 200°C	–	–	–	3–4 min	4–5 min	5–6 min per side	–
Prawns (shrimp)	6–8 min 200°C, 180 fan	5–6 min 200°C	2–3 min	–	–	2–3 min	2–3 min per side	2–3 min per side	2–3 min 180°C
Mussels and clams	–	–	–	4–5 min	–	–	–	5–6 min	–
Scallops	–	–	–	–	–	1–2 min per side	3–4 min	1–2 min per side	–
Squid and calamari	–	6–8 min 200°C	–	–	–	1–2 min	–	1–2 min per side	2–3 min 180°C
Lobster and crab	–	–	12–15 min	14–18 min	–	–	6–8 min	–	–

Eggs, cheese and tofu

Egg, halloumi and tofu cooking times, by method. Tap a food for every cut and method, the full temperature and how to do it
Food	Oven	Air fryer	Boil	Microwave	Pan-fry	Grill	Barbecue	Deep-fry
Eggs	12–15 min 180°C, 160 fan	15–17 min 130°C	6 min	1–2 min	2–3 min	–	–	–
Halloumi	15–20 min 200°C, 180 fan	6–8 min 200°C	–	–	2–3 min per side	2–3 min per side	2–3 min per side	–
Tofu	25–30 min 200°C, 180 fan	12–15 min 200°C	–	–	8–10 min	–	–	3–4 min 180°C

Rice, pasta and grains

Rice, pasta and grain cooking times, by method. Tap a food for every cut and method, the full temperature and how to do it
Food	Oven	Boil	Microwave	Pan-fry	Slow cooker	Pressure cooker
Rice	25–30 min 180°C, 160 fan	10–12 min	10–12 min	–	–	4–6 min
Pasta	25–30 min 190°C, 170 fan	8–12 min	10–12 min	–	–	4–5 min
Noodles	–	4–5 min	–	2–3 min	–	–
Couscous, quinoa and grains	–	5 min	–	–	–	–
Lentils, chickpeas and dried beans	–	15–20 min	–	–	8–10 hours	35–40 min

Frozen food

Frozen food cooking times, by method. Tap a food for every cut and method, the full temperature and how to do it
Food	Oven	Air fryer	Pan-fry	Grill	Deep-fry
Fish fingers	15–18 min 220°C, 200 fan	8–10 min 200°C	8–10 min	10–12 min	–
Frozen oven chips and fries	20–25 min 220°C, 200 fan	12–15 min 200°C	–	–	5–6 min 175°C
Chicken nuggets	15–18 min 200°C, 180 fan	8–10 min 200°C	–	–	3–4 min 175°C
Frozen battered fish and fishcakes	25–30 min 220°C, 200 fan	14–16 min 200°C	–	–	–
Hash browns	18–20 min 220°C, 200 fan	10–12 min 200°C	4–5 min per side	–	3–4 min 180°C
Frozen roast potatoes	35–40 min 220°C, 200 fan	18–20 min 200°C	–	–	–
Chicken kievs	30–35 min 200°C, 180 fan	20–22 min 180°C	–	–	–
Sausage rolls and pastries	20–25 min 200°C, 180 fan	12–15 min 180°C	–	–	–
Frozen Yorkshire puddings	4–6 min 220°C, 200 fan	3–4 min 180°C	–	–	–
Frozen pizza	12–15 min 200°C, 180 fan	6–8 min 180°C	4–5 min	–	–

Oven temperatures

Conventional	Fan	°F	Gas
140°C	120°C	275°F	1
150°C	130°C	300°F	2
160°C	140°C	325°F	3
180°C	160°C	350°F	4
190°C	170°C	375°F	5
200°C	180°C	400°F	6
220°C	200°C	425°F	7
230°C	210°C	450°F	8
240°C	220°C	475°F	9

Questions

How do I convert an oven time to an air fryer?

Set the air fryer about 20°C (25°F) lower than the oven recipe says and cut the time by about a fifth, checking a few minutes early. Don’t crowd the basket.

What temperature is a fan oven compared to a conventional oven?

Set a fan oven 20°C lower than a conventional oven: 200°C conventional is 180°C fan.

What temperature should meat be cooked to?

Chicken, turkey and duck: 74°C (165°F). Mince, burgers and sausages: 71°C (160°F). Pork: 63°C (145°F) with a 3-minute rest, or 70°C (160°F) for no pink. Fish: 63°C (145°F). Whole steaks and lamb can be served pink.

How do microwave times change with wattage?

These times are for an 800–900 W microwave. Add about 20% for 700 W, and take off about 15% for 1000 W or more.

Times are a guide for typical home portions: ovens, air fryers, microwaves and the size of what you’re cooking all vary. Check meat, poultry and fish with a thermometer before serving. Safe temperatures follow USDA and UK Food Standards Agency guidance, last checked 11 November 2026.